We compared characteristics of participants by self-reported HIV status (using 2-tests for dichotomous and categorical variables and using rank sum test for continuous variables). We compared characteristics of participants, partners, and venture sexual behaviour by online or offline venture, and calculated P values predicated on logistic regression with robust standard errors, accounting for related data. Continuous variables (i.e., age, number of sex partners) are reported as medians with an interquartile range (IQR), and were categorised for inclusion in multivariate models. Random effects logistic regression models were used to analyze the association between dating location (online versus offline) and UAI. Odds ratio tests were used to gauge the value of a variable in a model. Free sex dating near me Ontario.
As a way to explore potential disclosure of HIV status we additionally asked the participant whether the casual sex partner understood the HIV status of the participant, with the reply choices: (1) no, (2) perhaps, (3) yes. Sexual conduct with each partner was dichotomised as: (1) no anal intercourse or simply protected anal intercourse, and (2) unprotected anal intercourse. To ascertain the subculture, we asked whether the participant characterised himself or his partners as belonging to at least one of the subsequent subcultures/lifestyles: casual, formal, alternate, drag, leather, military, sports, trendy, punk/skinhead, rubber/lycra, gothic, bear, jeans, skater, or, if none of these characteristics were appropriate, other. Concordant lifestyle was categorised as: (1) concordant; (2) discordant. Accidental partner type was categorised by the participants into (1) known traceable and (2) anonymous partners.
HIV status of the participant was obtained by asking the question 'Do you understand whether you are HIV infected?', with five answer alternatives: (1) I 'm definitely not HIV-infected; (2) I believe that I'm not HIV-infected; (3) I don't know; (4) I think I may be HIV-contaminated; (5) I know for sure that I am HIV-contaminated. We categorised this into HIV negative (1,2), unknown (3), and HIV-positive (4,5) status. The questionnaire enquired about the HIV status of each sex partner with all the question: 'Do you understand whether this partner is HIV-contaminated?' with similar answer choices as previously. Perceived concordance in HIV status within ventures was categorised as; (1) concordant; (2) discordant; (3) unknown. The final class represents all partnerships where the participant didn't know his own status, or the status of his partner, or both. In this study the HIV status of the participant is self-reported and self-perceived. The HIV status of the sexual partner is as perceived by the participant.
Participants completed a standardised anonymous survey throughout their trip to the STI outpatient clinic while waiting for preliminary evaluation results after their consultation using a nurse or physician. The questionnaire elicited information on socio-demographics and HIV status of the participant, the three most recent partners in the preceding six months, and information on sexual behavior with those partners. A thorough description of the study design as well as the questionnaire is supplied elsewhere 15 , 18 Our primary determinant of interest, dating location (e.g., the name of a pub, park, club, or the name of a website) was obtained for every partner, and categorised into on-line (websites), and offline (physical sites) dating places. To simplify the terminology of differentiating the partners per dating location, we refer to them as online or offline partners.
We used data from a cross-sectional study focusing on spread of STI via sexual networks 15 Between July 2008 and August 2009 MSM were recruited from the STI outpatient clinic of the Public Health Service of Amsterdam, the Netherlands. Men were eligible for participation if they reported sexual contact with men during the six months preceding the STI consultation, they were at least 18years old, and might understand written Dutch or English. People could participate more than once, if following visits to the clinic were related to a possible new STI episode. Participants were routinely screened for STI/HIV according to the standard procedures of the STI outpatient clinic 15 , 17 The study was approved by the medical ethics committee of the Academic Medical Center of Amsterdam (MEC 07/181), and written informed consent was obtained from each participant. Included in this investigation were men who reported sexual contact with at least one casual partner dated online as well one casual partner dated offline.
With increased acquaintance in sexual partnerships, for example by concordant ethnicity, age, lifestyle, HIV status, and increasing sex frequency, the odds for UAI increase as well 14 - 16 We compared the incidence of UAI in online acquired casual partnerships to that in offline acquired casual partnerships among MSM who reported both online and offline casual partners in the preceding six months. We hypothesised that MSM who date sex partners both online and offline, report more UAI with the casual partners they date on the internet, and that this effect is partly described through better understanding of partner features, including HIV status.
A meta-analysis in 2006 found limited evidence that acquiring a sex partner online raises the danger of unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) 3 Many previous studies compared guys with internet partners to men with offline partners. Free Sex Dating Near Me Nunavut. Free Sex Dating Near Me Prince Edward Island. Free Sex Dating nearby Ontario. Yet, men preferring online dating might differ in several unmeasured respects from men favoring offline dating, leading to incomparable behavioural profiles. A more recent meta-analysis contained several studies analyzing MSM with both online and offline acquired sex partners and found evidence for an association between UAI and internet partners, which may indicate a mediating effect of more information on partners, (including perceived HIV status) on UAI 13
Men who have sex with men (MSM) often make use of the Internet to locate sex partners. Several research have shown that MSM are prone to participate in unprotected anal intercourse with sex partners they meet through the Internet (online) than with partners they meet at social sites (offline) 1 - 3 This indicates that guys who acquire partners online may be at a higher risk for sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV 4 - 6 Although higher rates of UAI are reported with internet partners, the risk of HIV transmission also depends upon precise knowledge of one's own and the sex partners' HIV status 7 - 10
Five hundred seventy-seven guys (351 HIV negative, 153 HIV positive, and 73 HIV-oblivious) reported UAI in 26% of 878 online, and 23% of 903 offline casual partnerships. The crude OR of online dating for UAI was 1.36 (95 % CI 1.03-1.81). HIV-positive men were more likely to report UAI than HIV negative men (49% vs. 28% of partnerships). Corrected for demographic features, online dating had no major effect on UAI among HIV negative and HIV status-unaware men, but HIV positive men were more likely to have UAI with online associates (aOR = 1.65 95 % CI 1.05-2.57). After correction for partner and partnership features the effect of online/offline dating on UAI among HIV positive MSM was reduced and no longer significant.
Believe it or not, I did not come out of this experiment feeling lousy about myself---just smarter about the way gay men (or perhaps guys in general) place way too much emphasis on silly characteristics like beards and ballcaps (hint: that's why you are all still cranky and single). And actually, I actually don't think having long hair itself is the huge hang up; it is what my hair implies. Having long hair (especially for a black man) means you are likely a bitchy dramatic queen that nobody wants to date. Even in the event the assumption isn't that extreme, the underlying fear is you spent too much time on your appearance and that is not masculine." That's frustrating, of course, since stereotypical masculinity takes just as much work---we simply do not think of it that way. I recall chatting with this scruffy, fairly muscular man with tattoos and chest hair and an Instagram full of masc pics; after we got to speaking, he revealed his obsession with Beyonc and said yasss!" every other paragraph. Free sex dating nearby Ontario. But no matter---his image is butch, so his dating life is constantly full.